Vaporizing type liquid fuel burner



April 17, 1951 F. H. CROSS 9 VAPORIZING TYPE LIQUID FUEL BURNER Filed May 13, 1947 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR. Fred 6/055.

April 17, 1951 F. H. CROSS 2,

VAPORIZING TYPE LIQUID FUEL BURNER Filed May 13, 1947 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 /4 2/9 I .n l

Patented Apr. 17, 1951 UNITED STATES. PATENT OFF-ICE VAPORIZING TYPE LIQUID FUEL BURNER Fred H. Cross, Lansing, Mich., assignor, bydecree of court, to Otto C. Hartig, Holt, Mich.

Application May 13, 1947, Serial No. 747,675

2 Claims. 1

This invention relates to furnaces, is particularly concerned with an oil burning furnace, and is more particularly concerned with an oil burning furnace wherein the combustion of the fuel is selectively controlled.

In the'prior art there are many oil burning furnaces. One of the principal objections to these furnaces is that the fuel line leading into the combustion chamber must at frequent periods be rid of accumulated sediment. This sediment is formed by the evaporation of the fuel oil upon contact with the heat produced within the combustion chamber. To remove the accumulated sediment thus formed resort is had to various plungers which must be used at about two or three week intervals. Failure to thus remove the sediment results in complete stoppage of the fuel oil and from entering the combustion chamber.

Another serious objection to the use of the furnaces of the prior art is that no provision has thus far been possible to maintain equal com bustion along the entire circumference of the furnace. The result is that the flame in portions of the combustion chamber is unequal.

It is an object of this invention to provide an oil burning furnace. It is a further object to provide an oil burning furnace in which the fuel inlet pipe does not accumulate sediment due to evaporation of the fuel oil. It is still a further object to provide an oil burning furnace capable of maintaining equal and uniform combustion along the entire circumference of the combustion chamber. It is a further object to provide a fuel burning furnace capable of maintaining the proper amount of air in the combustion portion of the combustion chamber.

I have concentrated my efforts in the construction of a fuel oil burning furnace and have now discovered and invented such a furnace and the same comprises a combustion chamber, the lower portion of the said chamber having fed thereinto an insufficient amount of air to provide combustion of the fuel, the upper portion having a plurality of holes equidistant from each other along the entire circumference of a ring through which holes a sufficient volume of air is fed to allow for complete combustion of fuel, a plurality of grooves cast integrally with the fire pot, the said ring being supported on the fire pot and cooperating with the said grooves to provide for the passage of air along the cir cumference and therebetween the said fire pot and the said ring, a circulating fan for driving air through an air chamber, a baffle plate to provide for deflection of the said air, the said deflection causing the saidair to bedriven over a portion of the oil inlet pipe and cooling the contents therein, and a baiile plate to provide uniform distribution of air to the holes in the said ring, and am able to avoid the disadvantages of the prior art and am able readily to accomplish the objects set forth.

Referring to the drawings: 1

Fig. 1 is a plan view of the burner showing the complete burner as it is installed in the furnace.

Fig. 2 is another plan view of the burner with the combustion chamber and the air chamber covers removed.

Fig. 3 is a vertical section of the burner taken substantially on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4, is a vertical end section of the burner taken on the line 4-4 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a vertical end section of the burner taken on the line 5-5 of Fig. 1.

The fuel oil inlet pipe I leads from the regulator 20', through the air chamber 2, and terminates in the lower portion of the combustion chamber. Air taken from the outside atmosphere is driven by the fan3, enters the air chamber 2, and strikes the bafile plate 4 which deflects a portion of the air downwardly against theoil inlet pipe I, and thus cools the said pipe and the oil contained therein. The oil in the pipe is thus kept in the liquid state and does not become vaporized until it leaves the pipe and enters the lower portion of the combustion chamber. The baffle plate 4 due to its semi-circular shape causes the air to be split up, allowing one half of the air to be driven to one side of the burner and the other half to be driven to the other side of the said burner. In this manner there is an equal distribution of air entering each side of the burner, and therefore allowing uniform combustion around the entire circumference of the burner.

The ring 5 has a plurality of holes therethrough. The said holes are equidistant from each other along the entire circumference of the said ring. The air driven by the fan 3 is driven through the air chamber and through the main port I. This air may be termed secondary air. It is further deflected by the baffle plate 8 which distributes the air around the burner ring 5, causing it to be distributed equally around the said burner ring and to enter in substantially equal amounts through each of the holes 6.

The fire pot 9 is provided with a series of grooves in which taper inwardly and downwardly as can be seen in Figure 3. The ring 5 overlies 'low maintenance during operation.

abortion of the upper end of each groove, but leaves openings indicated at H through which air may enter the fire pot. This air may be termed primary air. The primary air is insuificient for complete combustion when the burner is operating normally. When the burner is to be lit, fuel is admitted to the bottom of the burner through the inlet pipe I. There the fuel is ignitedg..by any suitable means, suchas a lighted taper. For a short time combustion will occur immediately above the surface of the fuel. However; in a short time the fire pot will with the quantity of primary air present. When that occurs the visible flame moves up to the open top of the burner. 'Ifhe vaporizing fuel mixes with the primary airrentering openings be heated, and it, together with the flame in r the pot will vaporize more oil than can be oxidized H and grooves II], but the mixture thus "formed a is too rich to burn. When the secondary air entering :holes fim'eets the mixture of air and vapor rising from the firepot it forms a cornbustible mixture andcombustion occurs at, and

a ove. he pening in the top of the fire pot.

;To further assure that fnoevaporation of t .e a fuel oil, takes place within anygportion'of the oil inlet pipe I, a housing 1;? iscast integrally with the fire pot 9, in which housing the terminal portion of the pipe :is enclosed.

The combustion chamber cover 15 is easily lifted out and permits the removal of the burner ring 5 without the use of tools. Theburner unit rests on a closed frame 11.6, designed to m the contour of the fire pot, and is fastened thereto by means of the bolt H. Thesupporting frame l6 and the air chamber :cover I14 are bolted to the iron plate 1.9.

I want particularly to point out that the .oil burning furnace of my invention is .;of extremely simple construction and lends itself .to great economy of manufacture. I want further to point out that the novel construction of my .afurnace provides for economy-of operation andufor Thishas been shown by several years of actual operation of the 'saidifiurn'ace.

A l bu ne omp isin a bu n n t having a dish shaped lcentra-l portion to receive :liquid fuel, Said tralrp tien havin a bottom wall and a side wal1,:a plurality of grooves formedin the inside of said side wall tapering downwardly and inwardly from the'upper edge of said central portion, a ring restingon said upper edge in:

wardly of the radially outer portions of the grooves whereby to form openings to admit primary air to said pot through said grooves, said ring having a plurality of equi-distantly spaced holes therein to admit secondary air to said burner pot, means forming an air chamber around said ring and upper edge of said central portion, a blower for furnishing air to said air chamher, and means connected to said pot for furnishing liquid fuel thereto. r r

2. An oil burner comprising burner 'pot having a dish shaped central portion to receive liquid fuel, said central portion having a bottom wall and a sidewall, a plurality of grooves formed in the inside of said side wall tapering downwardly and inwardly from the upper edgeof said pentral portion, a ring resting on said upper edge inwardly of the radially outer portions of the grooves whereby to form openings to admit, primary air to said pot through said grooves, said fuel to said burner pot, said fuel inlet pipe being connected tosaid burner pot and passing through said passageway.

FRED H. CROSS.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in th file of this patent:

UNITED .STATES PATENTS Number Name a Date 2,337,088 Donley -.De,c. 21, 1943 2,348,760 Stamm May 16,1944 2,391,585 lVIiller Dec.:25, 1945 2,415,098 Hayter Feb. 4, "19.4 7 2,431,456 Bock "Nov. 25, 194-? 2,480,911 De Lancey "Sep,t'. 6, 1949 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 307,756 7 Italy May l3, 1933 725,429 

